**Today people are being instigated in the name of UCC. How can the country run on two (laws)? The Constitution also talks of equal rights…Supreme Court has also asked to implement UCC. These (Opposition) people are playing vote bank politics,” he said.**
– Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s statement on the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) has sparked a nationwide debate.
– Opposition leaders accuse PM Modi of raising the UCC issue for political gains as elections approach in several states.
– Congress leaders claim that PM Modi is using the UCC issue as a diversion tactic from real problems like inflation, unemployment, and the situation in Manipur.
– All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM) chief Asaduddin Owaisi criticizes PM Modi for considering India’s diversity and pluralism as a problem.
– As many as 30 tribal organizations express fear that UCC will dilute tribal customary laws, particularly the Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act and the Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act that protect tribal lands.
– In the BJP’s 2019 Lok Sabha election manifesto, the party promised the implementation of UCC if it came to power.
**What is Uniform Civil Code (UCC)?**
– UCC is a proposal in India aimed at replacing personal laws based on religions, customs, and traditions with one common law for everyone, regardless of religion, caste, creed, sexual orientation, and gender.
– UCC is part of the Indian Constitution, mentioned in the fourth part that states the state “shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.”
– UCC is part of the Directive Principles of State Policy, which are fundamental to the country’s governance but not enforceable or justiciable in a court of law.
**What is the Supreme Court saying about UCC?**
– The Supreme Court has called for the implementation of UCC in various judgments, including the Mohd. Ahmed Khan vs Shah Bano Begum case of 1985 and the Sarla Mudgal judgment of 1995.
– In these judgments, the Court emphasized the need for a uniform set of laws to replace primitive personal laws of every religion regarding marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption.
**What did the Law Commission say about UCC?**
– In 2018, the Law Commission submitted a consultation paper on the reform of family law, stating that UCC is neither necessary nor desirable at this stage.
– The report recommended studying and amending discriminatory practices, prejudices, and stereotypes within a particular religion and its personal laws.
**How many Indian states have Uniform Civil Code?**
– Goa has a Civil Code in force since Portuguese times, which is considered a Uniform Civil Code.
– The Uttarakhand government announced its decision to implement the Uniform Civil Code in the state and formed a committee to prepare a draft proposal.
– The Assam and Gujarat governments also support the implementation of the Uniform Civil Code.
*Source: Live Mint*
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