In September 2019, crores of Indians and thousands of others from across the world following Chandrayaan-2 were left disappointed after Isro could not complete the landing mission successfully. However, the orbiter of Chandrayaan-2 is still operational and sending data, and it will also be used as part of Chandrayaan-3 for relaying information. Isro has learned from the previous mission’s shortcomings and has implemented several improvements in Chandrayaan-3 to ensure its success. Some of the significant changes have been made in the Vikram lander.
Major Isro Milestone, Chandrayaan-3 Integrated With Launch Vehicle

Major Isro milestone, Chandrayaan-3 integrated with launch vehicle

TOI gives you a low down on what some of these changes are and why they were introduced:

Stronger Legs

Vikram, the lander, will have stronger legs than in its previous version to withstand landing at greater velocities. The landing velocity tolerance has been increased to 3m/second from 2m/second. This improvement ensures that even at 3m/sec, the lander will not crash or break its legs, as explained by ISRO chairman S Somanath.

Encapsulated Assembly Containing Chandrayan-3 Mated With Lvm3 At Isro In Sriharikota

Encapsulated assembly containing Chandrayan-3 mated with LVM3 at ISRO in Sriharikota

More Fuel & New Sensor

Another change in Vikram is the addition of more fuel to handle disruptions and have the ability to come back in case of any issues. A new sensor called the laser doppler velocity metre has been included to look at the lunar terrain and provide redundancy in measurement.

Chandrayaan-3 To Launch On July 14; Isro Chairman Explains How This Moon Mission Is Different From Chandrayaan-2

Chandrayaan-3 to launch on July 14; ISRO chairman explains how this moon mission is different from Chandrayaan-2

Central Engine & Software

The software has been improved to tolerate failures like engine disruptions, thrust disruptions, and sensor failures. The central or fifth engine, which was added last minute during Chandrayaan-2, has been removed. The lander now requires a minimum of two engines to land.

Chandrayaan-3: Rover To Study Moon's Surface And Atmosphere, Says Isro Chief S Somanath

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