**India’s Third Lunar Mission Chandrayaan-3 Set to Launch on July 14**
– India’s third lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3, is scheduled to lift off from the spaceport in Sriharikota at 2.35 pm on July 14.
– The mission will be carried out onboard the GSLV-Mk3 or LVM3, and if all goes as planned, the Vikram lander will touch down on the Moon on August 23 or 24.
– The chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), S Somanath, stated that they want the landing to occur when the Sun rises on the Moon to provide 14-15 Earth days to work.
– If the landing cannot take place on those dates, they will wait for another month and land in September.
– Unlike its predecessor, Chandrayaan-3 is a composite of three modules: propulsion, lander, and rover, weighing a total of 3,900 kg.
– The proposed landing site is 70 meters south as going to the South Pole would result in no power for the lander and rover due to the absence of sunlight.
**Confidence in Successful Soft-Landing and Extended Mission**
– ISRO is confident of a successful soft-landing on the Moon this time and has made some changes to the lander, including strengthening Vikram’s legs, increasing velocity tolerance, and adding new sensors.
– The life of the lander and rover is expected to be 14 Earth days, but it could possibly be extended.
– Once the Sun sets, there will be no power for the lander and rover to function, but there are possibilities of the battery getting recharged upon the next Sun rise, enabling the mission to continue for an additional 14 days or more.
**Payloads and Scientific Objectives**
– The lander and rover will carry four and two payloads, respectively, while the propulsion module will also have a payload called Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth (SHAPE).
– The rover’s payloads will shoot lasers and emit radiation on the lunar surface to analyze the gases emitted and understand the Moon’s composition.
– The Indian payloads on Vikram will measure thermal conductivity, temperature, seismicity, and plasma density and variations on the Moon.
– NASA’s passive Laser Retroreflector Array payload will also be included for lunar laser ranging studies.
In conclusion, India’s third lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3, is set to launch on July 14 and aims to achieve a successful soft-landing on the Moon. The mission includes a composite of three modules and various scientific payloads to gather essential data about the Moon’s composition and other scientific objectives. If all goes as planned, the mission could be extended beyond the initial 14-day timeline, allowing for further exploration and research.
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